The packed tower is a vertical cylinder with a packing support plate at the bottom, and the packing is placed on the support plate in the form of random stacking or whole building. A packing pressure plate is installed above the packing to prevent the updraft from blowing the packing. The liquid is sprayed from the top of the column to the packing through the liquid distributor and flows down the surface of the packing. The gas is fed from the bottom of the column, distributed through a gas distribution device (small diameter columns usually have no gas distribution device), and passed continuously through the gaps of the packing layers countercurrent to the liquid. On the packing surface, gas and liquid are in close contact for mass transfer. Packed towers belong to continuous contact gas-liquid mass transfer equipment. The composition of the two phases varies continuously along the column height. Under normal operating conditions, the gas phase is the continuous phase and the liquid phase is the dispersed phase.
When the liquid flows down along the packing layer, it tends to gradually concentrate to the tower wall, so that the liquid flow near the tower wall gradually increases. This phenomenon is called wall flow. The wall flow effect leads to uneven distribution of the gas-liquid two-phase in the packing layer, which reduces the mass transfer efficiency. Therefore, when the fill layer is higher, it needs to be segmented with an intermediate redistribution device. The liquid redistribution device includes a liquid collector and a liquid redistributor. The liquid flowing down from the upper packing is collected by the liquid collector, sent to the liquid redistributor, and sprayed on the lower packing after redistribution.
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